Cohort Englishby Bureau of Cohort Gabung Komunitas
Grammar A2 · Bab 7 dari 16

For dan Since, serta Beda Present Perfect dan Simple Past

Present perfect juga dipakai untuk keadaan yang dimulai di masa lalu dan masih berlangsung sampai sekarang. Di sinilah for dan since berperan.

Kapi, maskot kapibara Cohort English
Suara:

Rumus

For
have/has + verb 3 + for + durasi
I've lived here for five years.
Since
have/has + verb 3 + since + titik waktu
I've lived here since 2021.
Bertanya
How long have you + verb 3 …?
How long have you studied English?

Penjelasan

  • for + lamanya waktu: for two hours, for three weeks, for a long time.
  • since + titik awal: since 8 a.m., since Monday, since 2020, since I was a child.
  • Bahasa Indonesia sering memakai present tense untuk ini (“Aku tinggal di sini sejak 2021”). Bahasa Inggris wajib memakai present perfect: I have lived here since 2021, bukan I live here since 2021.
  • Simple past = kejadian selesai di waktu yang jelas: I lived in Bogor for two years (sekarang sudah tidak).
  • Present perfect = masih berlanjut atau tanpa waktu jelas: I've lived in Bogor for two years (sampai sekarang masih).
  • Pertanyaan dengan waktu lampau spesifik (When…? What time…?) selalu memakai simple past: When did you arrive?

Tabel ringkas

for (durasi)since (titik awal)
for ten minutessince 9 o'clock
for three dayssince Monday
for six monthssince June
for two yearssince 2024
for a long timesince I was a child

Contoh kalimat

Ketuk ikon suara, dengarkan, lalu ucapkan ulang dengan intonasi yang sama (teknik shadowing).

I've studied English for three years.
Aku sudah belajar bahasa Inggris selama tiga tahun.
She has worked here since January.
Dia bekerja di sini sejak Januari.
How long have you known each other? — Since high school.
Sudah berapa lama kalian saling kenal? — Sejak SMA.
We've been friends for ten years.
Kami sudah berteman selama sepuluh tahun.
I lived in Medan for two years, then I moved to Jakarta.
Aku tinggal di Medan selama dua tahun, lalu pindah ke Jakarta.
When did you start learning English?
Kapan kamu mulai belajar bahasa Inggris?

Kesalahan yang sering terjadi

I live here since 2020.I have lived here since 2020.Keadaan sampai sekarang memakai present perfect.
I've worked here since three years.I've worked here for three years.Durasi memakai for.
When have you arrived?When did you arrive?When memakai simple past.

Tips dari Kapi: Jawaban siap pakai untuk wawancara beasiswa: I have been interested in public policy since I was in university.

Kuis Bab 7: For, since & perfect vs past

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Pertanyaan seputar bab ini

Apakah ago sama dengan for?

Tidak. Ago dipakai dengan simple past untuk menunjuk waktu lampau (I came two years ago). For menunjuk lamanya (I've been here for two years).

Apakah boleh I have been studying English for three years?

Boleh, itu present perfect continuous yang menekankan kegiatan yang terus berlangsung. Tense ini dibahas di level B1.

Bab 6: Present perfectLanjut Bab 8: Comparative & superlative

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